Meter for measuring the flow of fluids.



A. R. DODGE.

METER FOR MEASURING THE FLOW 0P FLUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED 1119.11.10, 1909.

Patented Feb. 24, 1914-,

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A. R. DODGE. METER FOR MEASURING THE FLOW 0F FLUIDS. APPLICATION FILEDMAR. 10, 1909. LEW/ 98 1w Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

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1,087,931., Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INVENTUR.

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WiTNEEIElEEL' A. R. DODGE.

METER FOR MEASURING THE FLOW 0F FLUIDS.

APPLICATION TILED MAR.10, 1909.

1 8x93 1i Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

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PIPE DIAN- IN.

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METER FOR MEASURING THE FLOW 0F FLUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 10, 1909.

Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

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A.R.DODGR METER FOR MEASURING THE PIA-0W 0F FLUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 10, 1909. 1 U87,93 1..

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AUSTIN R. DODGE, 0F SCHEZNEUTADY, NEW YQIBJK, AlSSIGNDEt T0 GENERALELECTRIC ml, A CQRPOMTION 01? NEW YUEK.

FUR MEASURING THE FLOW 0F FLUIDS.

inenei.

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that 1, Austin lit. Donor, a citizen of the United States,residing at Schenectady, county oi Schenectady, State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful improvements in Meters for Measuring theFlow of Fluids, of which the following is a specification. o

The present invention has for its obyect to provide a simple, reliableand "accurate meter for indicating the flow of fluid through a conduit.

In the following description and the claims appended thereto will he setforth what ll believe to he novel and my invention.

In the accompanying drawings which are illustrative ot' certainembodiments of my invention, Figure 1 is a trout view of a metercalibrated to read in cubic feet of free air per square inch per minute;Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 2-'-2 of Fig. 3; Fig. 3 is a sectiontaken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. l is a detail sectional view of the means for correcting torchanges in pressure, temperature and pipe diameter; Fig. 5 is a detailsectional view of the means "for moving the compensating pointer; Fig. 6is a detail view showing the meter connected to a. flu 1d carrying mainor conduit; Fig. 7' is a drip chamber used when the meter is used tometer air; Fig. 8 is a side elevation. of the agent, nozzles or funnelsthat are located in the main and are acted upon. by the fluid passingthere through; Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a nozzle taken on line9--*9 ot itlg. 8; hi 10 is a developed view of the scales for a iustingtor changes in pressure, pipe diameter and temperature; Fig. it is adetail view showing the pointer in one cat its positions; rig. 12 is'asimilar view showing the pointer moved to a position nearer the axis oithe meter; Fig. 13 is a detail view in plan showing a slightmodification of the valve arrangement tor cutting the meter into andoutof action; it and 15 are detail. views or the pointer; Fig. 16 is adetail. sectional view taken on line 16 of Fig. 1'3 and showing themeans for moving the pointer mounted directly on the glass from; of themeter, Fig. 17 is a' sectional view of the same meter taken on line 17oi Fig. 16; Fig. 18 is a detail view showing a means tor adjusting themeter to correct for the zero position, and Fig. 19 is a view out ascale.

specification of Letters Ia'tent.

Application filed March 10, 1909. Serial No. 1%,457.

calibrated in flow lines for low pressure service.

My invention is based upon the principle that the velocity of water,steam or air flowing through a pipe at any fixed pressure variesdirectly with changes in the amount of such fluid in a given unitottiine. From this it follows that the measurement of the velocity offlow of a fluid afit'ords an accurate means for determining the quantityof iiuid flowing atany given instant.

To enable one to understand and appre= ciate the character andconstruction of the meter and for the purpose of illustration, referenceis hereinafter made to a meter for measuring elastic fluids of which abrief des'cription willfirst be given.

A column of fluid such as water, mercury or other fluid heavier thanthat to he metered, is so arranged in a hermetically sealed vesselcontaining one or more: chambers that as the quantity of elastic fluidflowing through a given pipe changes, one end of the column is moved ordeflected in one direction and the other end in the o posite direction.This action is brought a out by nozzles located in the pipe or main tohe metered, or by equivalent devices, said nozzles or devicescommunicating with the chamber or chambers containing the column ofheavy fluid. One end or" portion of one nozzle faces the direction oil.the approaching steam or air to he metered and acts by pressure on thecolumn of heavy fluid in the the ter to cause a deflection or change inlevel, T he pressure due to this. nozzle'is equal to the static pressureof the fluid being metered plus that clue to the velocity head.

The other nozzle faces in the opposite olirec= tion and the pressure dueto it is less than the static pressure by an amount dependent upon thevelocity at flow. The pressure due to one nozzle acts on oneend of thecolumn of heavy fluid in the meter and that due to the other nozzle onthe o posits end of said column. The means for s owing the amount ofelastic fluid being metered is actuated by one end oi said column.Resting on the end of the column is a float which actuates said meansthrough suitable mechanism, as for example by a flexible connectorconnected to a drum that is counterweighted. drum spindle carries apermanent bar magnet which acts magnetically through wall of the closedchamber to move-the needle of the lPatented net. at, rut-t.

till

lltlt) lltl instrument over a scale, the latter being laid out in flowlines according to careful calibration of cubic'feet of free air perminute for air or in pounds per hour for steam. Combined with this is apointer whose position is adjusted by hand to compensate for that is notinjured by the mercury orother fluid employed to actuate the needle. Thebase of the vessel is enlarged, and formed therein is a reservoir orchamber 22 containing a body of mercury 23. The lower end of the upright21 is extended well below the Working level of the mercury as shown at24:, Fig. 3, and the cross-sectional area of the chamber 25 in theupright is considerably less than. the cross-sectional. area of thechamber in the base of the meter so that a small deflection or movementof the mercury in the main chamber 22 will cause a large deflection ormovement of the mercury in the lower end of the chamber 25, the objectof this being to impart a relatively large movement to the float 26 thatrests on the end of the column of mercury in the chamber 25. The floatmaybe made in a variety of ways. As shown it comprises a central body ofcork and a sealed inclosing metal envelop. The pressure for deflectingor moving the column or body of fluid in the chamber 22 is transmittedthrough the passage 27 which for convenience is formed in the part 21;Pressure is transmitted to this passage through the port 28. The chamber25 is provided with a port'29 at its upper end, and the ports 28 and 29are connected by small pipes to the nozzle or agent in the main that isto be metered.

The upper end of the upright 21 is linished, and secured thereto is acover 30 that prevents the escape of fluid under pressure from vtherestricted chamber 25. The upper end of the chamber 25 is somewhatenlarged to receive the actuating mechanism of the meter. This mechanismcomprises a bracket 31 that supports the spindle 32 and attached partsas a unit which may be secured to and removedwith the cover 30. Mountedon the spindle is a large wheel or drum 33 containing a .i-shaped rooveto receive the flexible connector as. no end of this connector isattached to the float 26 and the other end is attached to the drum. Thisconnector may be made in a variety of ways and of different materials.It may be made i or" the needle 39;. it is to be understood oi oomer barmagnet 38 of suitable shape and size by means of which the angularmovements of the drum are conveyed to the needle 39 of the instrument.It is to be noted that the" magnet is located whollywithin the part 21and that there is no mechanical connection between it and theindicatingneedle oithe instrument" which would require packing. Byreason of this arrangement the'meter is rendered exceedingly accurateand sensitive to pressure changes. The needle is provided with a pivot4:0, which is in axial alinement with the spindle 32 of the drum and issup-.

ported by bearings at its ends. The needle may be made or" steel orother magnetic material so that it will followthe movements of themagnet, or as shown a bar magnet 41 is rigidly mounted on the spindlefor moving the needle. In this case the needle is made of aluminum, theneedle and magnet being welded or otherwise united. The lines of forcefrom the bar magnet 38 pass through the non-magnetic wall of the chamberandact on the bar magnet 41 to move it angularly. n

The vessel and its attached upright por tion may be made of non-magneticmaterial, or it may be made of magnetic material in which case anon-magnetic plug 42 of suitable size to eliminate the sheets of themetal of the vessel is screw threaded or otherwise mounted in an openingin said vessel. 1 When so mounted the plug forms a part of the vesselwall. :The said plug is provided with a finished annular flange thatforms a support for the needle casing and about which it may be turnedsingularly toadjust the zero of the instrument,.or in other words tocause the zero on the scale to register with the needle when the flow offluid tobe metered ceases or the meter is cut ofi from main or conduit.(3n the left-hand side of the upright 231, Fig. 2, is mounted anon-magnetic plate 43 forming the back of the needle containing casing.This dish 'is rotatably mounted on the plug l2. The lower side of thedisk as is provided with a slotted extension 43, Fig. 18, and in theslot is located the thumb-screw l By loosening the screw the dish andparts carried thereby can be moved angularly one direction or the otherfrom the position shown until the zero of the scale corresponds with theposition nearest course that at such time the pressure is out d from thefluid column, After this adjustmeut is made the thumhscrevv 4a isscrewed into place to clamp the dish and casing in. position.

Attached to the disk is a ring is that forms a part of the'casing,Arranged over the moving needle and carried h this ring is a'glass front46 through which the posi tion of the needle can be observed. The casingthus formed is made as tight as possible to prevent the entrance offoreign matter. Mounted on the disk i3 is a dial 47 having 1 curved flowlines 48 thereon, Fig 1, which are obtained by calibration from asuitaloie standard or standards.

Mounted on a support in front of the meter is a manually actuated meansfor moving a pointer located Within the casing to compensate for changesin the temperature and pressure of the fluid being metered and aiso forchanges in pipe diameter, which latter compensation is necessary whenthe meter is removed from a main of one diameter and pieced on anotherof difierent diameter. This feature will he described fully later on vThe means illustrated for creating the necessary pressure to operate themeter will now he described, reference being; made especially to Figs 6to 9 inclusive 49 indicates the main through which the fluid to hemetered is flowing The pressure producing agent, device or means can hemade in a variety of Ways and arranged in or as a part oi the main solong as a pres sure difference having a definite reiatioh to the rate atr'ioiv is transmitted to the ends of the mercury in the presentGillhodimeut invention it cemprises a 5C n11 reu ireaded into a smaiihole termed in the 352E113" iihis plug is pro vided with a herrasauai orother suitahiy shaped head to receive Wrench so it can readily insertedor removed. integral.

with the m 131:. rec nguiar part or per cross the main and con.

'hich the steam, gs-

in the main, and

iota pressure hassles an i or other may i e i t a "r p M ,r-

. on. the or swing. sl der: Q1. 1 the part as ne vereel; at it they areconeshapeu ranged, With it from wt u say steam, or other receivedconvenience these may he termed pressure 'noazies and marked on thedrawing. The low pressure mosaics o tunneis are connected by ti eiongitudiuair ndi passage 5 L i ich commuuicmes with the ends iacii'igthe direction I ture. as 55 iced l sideration the diameter of the main.the

ing to the meter, The high pressure nozzles or funnels are connected bythe passage 56 which communicates with'the pipe 57 leading to the meter.The high pressure pipe is tapped into the port 28, Fig. 3, of the meterand the low pressure pipe is tapped into the port As the fluid flowsthrough the main a pressure is created in the nozzles 53} and a suctionin'the nozzles 52. These efiiccts are communicated to the meter, thepressure tending to force the mercury or other heavy fluid from thechamber 22, Fig. having the large area into the chamber $v having thesmall area if the areas of these charm bers bear a ratio of ten to onethenrthe upward movement of the float 2 6 will be ten times greater thanthe downward movement or deflection of the fiuidlevei in the chamberv22. This action is assisted by the suction nozzles 52 which reduce thepressure in the float chamber 25 above the meciirjv therein. Thepressure diderence required to move the fluid column-and float isrelatively small but since the ressure existing in the main. the partsmust be strong enough to jwithstand such pressured By doing away withall moving parts that are exposed both to high and to low pressure,considering the pressure in the main and connecting pipes as high and.that of the atmosphere as low, 1 am slots to dispense with all packing sfor the moving elements which are always a great objection and which inaddition usuaiiy iii." not aiWa-ys aiiiect the accuracy oi the meter,The nozzle ping illustrated is not ciaimed herein because it forms partof the subject matter of a (xii-pending application of mine, Seriai No,$1,696.

in each of the pipes ieading" to the meter, when the latter is used forair, is placed chambered casing 5-8, Him 7, to trap Water, and leadingtherefrom is an outlet contain ing a shut-(iii vaive 59. It may alsoplace these pipes hand valves 66 for shutting oh? the meter when desiredin the meter or in some other position suitahie for equalizing; thepressures in the pipes 55 and 5'? is a valve 61, Figs: and 17. i i heuthis vaiveis closed the meter is in condition tor oper atiou, hut whenopen the pressures in the chambers 22 and erpiaiised through the portit, and. hence there can he no transfer or deflection of the mercuryfrom one chamherto another. instead of using a var/o for this purposewhich is locatedin the meter itself, the valve may he placed in bypassor "hunt connecting; the pipes iii, as shown in 38.

With meters oi this type it is necessary, if the very best resuits areto he obtained, to take into consideration the pressure oi the fluid tohe metered and also its temperais also necessary to take into conmeterwas intended for use only on mains of the same predeternnned diameterfor measuring fluid of constant temperature and pressure it could becalibrated in connection with one such mam and manual adjustment .orcompensation for mains of different sizes and for variations in thephysical condition of the fluid would be unnecessary. Obviously theadjusting mechanism could then he omitted if desired. I intend, however,to also use the meter on mains difiering largely in dlameter and forservice where the pressure..

andtemperature also change.

From the results of exhaustive tests and calculations I haveascertained, that the effects of changes in temperature and pipediameter can be expressed in terms of pressure. Hence accurate readingsmay be obtained by providing a pointer whose posi- 20 tion can beadjusted to compensate for such 39 is moved in response to changes inthe rate of flow of the fluid being metered, and the compensatingdevices and pointer are then moved by hand until some predetermined partof the latter is directly over the needle. Then by comparing thepositions of the needle and pointer with the curved flow lines on thefixed scale the amountof fluid fiowing in the main can be ascertained,either directly if the meter is so calibrated or by multiplying saidreading by a constant.

The devices, means or mechanism for compensating for the above notedvariables will now be described. Mounted in a support in front of theneedle casing, Fig.- 4, is a tubular member 66 whose axis coincides withthat of the pivot 40 otthe needle 39 and also with the axis of thespindle 32 of the drums, Fig. 2'. This member passes through a circularorifice in the glass and is provided with a flange 67 that rests againstthe inner face thereof. On the outside of the casing and mounted on saidmember is a collar 68.

Between the hearing or support 65 and'the later in connection with Fig.10. Extending axially through the member 66 is a spindle 70 Whose axisis in alinement with that of the pivot ot' the needle 39. On one end ofthis spindle is a gear wheel 71 whose teeth mesh with those in a rack72' which.

is directly connected to and moves the pointer. The rack is held inposition and guided by a fiat plate 73 which is attached to the flange87 of member 66 and .whose upp'er end is provided with a' uide thatengages the top of the rack 72. in the 5 indie and engaging the member66 is a. hu or collar 74 which assists in clamping the parts to-- getheras will appear later. The outer end of the spindle is screw-threaded toreceive the clamping nut 75. Mounted on the spindle between the nut andthe member 66 is a disk 76 that is splined on the spindle and The endsof the spring rest on the bottom of the recess and the arch or curvedpart I on the member 66. The arrangement thus i'forms a friction deviceto prevent the parts from turning too freely with respect to each other.On the ring 7? are two scales laid .cii in terms of temperature and pipediameter' as Wlll appear i11- connection wlth Fig.

10. When the nut 75 is seated, the disk 76, ringTT, collar 68, member66, rack 72 and pointer maybe rotated as a unit. Since the collar 74engages the member 66 and the disk 76 is in engagement with the end ofthe member, the clamping action of the nut 75 does not tend to pinch theglass between parts of the rotatable structure and hence the necessaryfreedom of action is provided Ior. 4

Fig. 10 is' an enlarged developed view of the scales on the parts abovereferred to. 68 indicates the collar that is fast on the rotatablemember 66. At a suitable place thereon a mark or datum point is madewhich is lettered 0. 0n the ring 77 there are two scales 80 and 81, theformer being graduated or laid ofi in terms of pipe diameter and thelatter in terms of temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. On the disk fit isa scale 82 graduated in terms of pressure. It is evident by adjustingthese scales angularly one with respect to the other that the positionof the pointer 83 on the rack 7 2 will be changed because any angularmovement of the scale 82 necessitates a corresponding movement of thespindle 70, gear 71 and rack 72.

Assume for example that the meter is connected to a four inch mainconveying air at 10 lbs. pressure, determined by the gage 8%, Fig. 6,and having a temperature of 50 F., as determined by a thermometer, thefigure 4 on scale 80, Fig. 10, is set opposite O on the collar 68. Thefigure 10 on scale 82of the pressure disk 76 is set oppo-' lid hit

site 50 F. on the temperature scale 81 on the ring 7 7 The nut 75 isthen screwed into place to clamp the parts together after which themoving structure as a whole is moved angularly b means of the disk 76until the position oi the pointer 83 coincides with that of the needle38 as shown in Fig. 12.. For relation of the parts see also dotted lineposition of the needle in Fig. 1.

When the meter is used for measuring air the flow lines 48 on the dialare calibrated to indicate the number of cubic feet of free air at F.which pass through one square inch of pipe area. Assume that under theconditions above specified the positions of the needle and pointerregister over the flow line indicating 26% cubic feet of free air persquare inch. This indication is then multiplied by the cross-sectionalarea of the four inch main, in this case 12.5664.- square inches whichequals 333 cubic feet of free air per niinute passing through the main.

Assume that the meter is now shifted to a ten inch main, the pressureand temperature ot'the air to be metered. being the same as before, ii6., 10 lbs. pressure and 50 F. Assume also that the needle is in thesame position as before. The pointer will be moved a distance-from itsaxis determined by the change in pipe diameter. The positions of theneedle and pointer will register over the flow line indicatin 29 cubicfeet of free air per minute. This indication is then multiplied by thecross-sectional area of the ten inch main, in this case 78.54 squareinches which equals 2277 .66 cubic feet of free air per minute passingthrough the main.

The figures above noted will give a good idea of the conditions asdetermined by changes in pipe diameter and the difference in flow of thefluid for a given deflection or angular movement of the needle.

Assume that by a thermometer suitably placed it is ascertained that thetemperature of the air instead of being 50 F, as in the last case is 90F. The line marked 10 on the pressure scale 82 of disk 76 is moved tothe right until said line registers with the linemarlted 90 of thetemperature scale 81 on the ring 7 7. The effect of this is to move thepointer inward toward its axis by a certain amount and hence the readingof the instrument will be slightly lower,

The temperature scale is calibrated for air. When the meter is used forsteam the scale 81 will be calibrated in terms of superheat. its theappearance would be much the sameiurther illustration-is deemedunnecemary.

Assuming now a ten. inch main, av pressure of 88 lbs. and a temperatureot',50 F. The figure 10 on scale 80 is set opposite 0 onthe collar 68.The figure 86 on the scale 82 of the pressure dish or dial 76 is setopposite 50 F. on the temperature scale 81 on "the ring 77. The nut isfirst screwed into place to clamp the parts together and then thestructure is moved angularly until the position of the pointer coincideswith that of'the needle 39 as shown in Fig. 11. The ,difi'erence inposition of the pointer under these conditions is readily apparent bycomparing Figs. 11 and 12. Under difierent conditions of operation, therelation of the parts will obviously'be changed.

, I have assumed the various above stated conditions for the purpose ofillustration, and not as limitations. From the examples given it isbelieved that the nature and character of the adjustments required willbe readily understood without further description.

When the meter is intended for metering steam mains the flow lines 4-8are calibrated to indicate pounds of steam per hour passmg through onesquare inch of pipe or main area. The indication obtained by comparingthe registering positions of the needle v point on the scale whichregisters with the point of intersection of the needle and pointer. Toovercome this the pointer 83 is offset as shown in Fig. 15 so as tobring it close to the path of the needle. Located direct-ly in front ofthe pointer but separated therefrom is a piece 85 containing a V- shapednotch 86. the other when the pointer is over the needle (an actionsimilar to sighting a gun; the point of coincidence of the needle,pointer and flow'liue can be readily and accurately determined. Thisarrangement also requires the operator to make the reading when directlyfacing the scale which is an advantage.

In Fig. l-the dial is calibrated with flow lines 4-8 and is intended forhigh pressure service. ln Fig. 19 the dial is also calibrated with flowlines and is intended for low pressure service. I have found it best touse diliercntdials in meters intended for widely different pressuressince by so doing more accurate results can be obtained than in usingthe same dial for all conditions.

By sighting from one to In Figs. 16 and 17 is shown a slight modiniggfication of invention wherein the support 65 for the parts which movethe pointer is dispensed with and said parts are supported directly bythe glass front 46 of the needle casin as is apparent from inspection.The genera construction and arrangement of the parts aside from thesupport is the same as described in connection with Figs. 4 and 5. Theneedle casing is swiveled about the non-magnetic and screw-threaded plug42, and is held in position against angular movement by the slottedextension 43' and screw 44, Fig. 18. In Fig. 17 the equalizing valve (51is shown as carried by the vessel containing the operating parts of themeter instead of being located in a by-pass connecting thepipes 55 and57 as in Fig. 13. In some instances this is an advantage as itsimplifies the piping. In some cases I have found it desirable to use anauxiliary weight 88, Fig. 17, to mount it on the flexible connector 34:to prevent the latter from getting out of the groove in the drum 33. Thecounterweight 3? is or may be made correspondingly heavier to compensatefor this auxiliary Weight. "As an ad-.

ditional precaution to prevent the connector from getting out of thecove in the drum a guide'89 is provided, Fig. 3, that is secured to thecover 30and is removable therewith.

It is to be understood that while I consider the agent described inconnection with Figs. 8, g and 9 as being extremely desirable for thepurpose set forth, owing to its effective action, I do not limit myselfthereto since other means may be em loyed for the purpose, nor do 1limit mysel to the particular means illustrated for showing the quantityof flow except as specified in the claims. In accordance with theprovisions of the patent statutes, 1'. have described the principle ofoperation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I nowconsider to represent the hm embodiment thereof; but I desire to have itunderstood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that theinvention can be carried out by other means. 1

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 01% theUnited States, is,-

1. In a meter, the combination of sin-agent for creating a pressuredifi'erence responsive to the rate of flow oi the fluid bein r metered,a vessel containin a body of fluid that is acted upon by sai pressuredifference, eonduit means for conveying fluid under pres sure betweenthe agent and. the vessel, a drum a float, a connector between the drumand doat for imparting motion from one to the other, the float beingmoved by the body of fluid, a counterbalance for the float, a needlelocated outside of the vessel, a dial over which the needle moves, amagnetic device acting through the wall of the vessel a for transmittingmovements of said means indicating mechanism.

to the needle, and means whereby the magnetic device is moved by thedrum.

2. in a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressuredifference that'bears a definite relation to the rate of flow of t efluid being metered, a sealed vessel having chambers of dissimilar sizecontaining a body of fluid that is acted upon by said pressuredificrcnce, the fluid column in the smaller chamber having a greatermovement than that in the larger, conduit means conveying fluid underpressure between the agent and the chambers, a float in the smallerchamber Whose position is determined by the deflect-ion of said lluidbody, an indicator located wholly outside of the vessel, a magneticmeans for transmitting movements or the float to the indicator, andmeans connecting one portion of the magnetic means and the float.

3. in. a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressuredifference that bears a definite relation to the rate of flow of thefluid being metered, a sealed vessel having chambers of unequal sizecontaining a body of heavy fluid that is deflected by changes in saidpressure difierence, conduit means connecting the agent and-thechambers, a

means located in the smaller chamber whose position. changes withdeflections of said heavy fluid, a counterbalance for the last namedmeans, indicating mechanism, and a magnetic agent for transmittingmovements of the means to the mechanism.

In a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressuredifierence that bears a definite relation to the rate oi flow of thefluid being metered, a vessel having ,a removable non-magnetic sidewalland con taining a column or" fluid which is deflected as thepressure diflerence changes, conduit,

'means connecting the agent and the vessel, a

float that'is supported by one end of the fluid column, an indicatingmechanism comprising a dial and a needle, a means arranged above saidend and acting magnetisally through said side wall to transmit themovements of the float to the needle, a

bracket for su ortin said means that is mounted on the inside of thevessel, and a connection between the float and the means;

5. In a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressuredifference that bears a definite relation to the rate of How or thefluid being metered a vessel having a large and a small chamber andcontaining a columuof fluid larger at one end than the other whichcolumn is deflected as the pres' sure difference due to the agentchanges, conduit means connecting the agent and the chambers, anindicating mechanism, and magnetic means located in the. small chamherand acting to transmit the movements of the small end of the fluidcolumn tetheice till

lid

- nearest .6. in a. meter, the combination off an agent for creating apressure dili'erence that bears a definite relation. to the rate or flowof the fluid being metered, a sealed chambered vessel containing a bodyof heavy fluid that is deflected by changes in said pressure ditlerenc-edue to the agent, conduit means connecting the agent with the chamber ofthe vessel, an indicator located outside of the vessel, a dial overwhich the indicator moves, means for mounting the dial on the vessel soas to permit angular adjustment of said dial, a means moved by the saidbody of fluid and located Within the vessel, and a magnetic deviceacting/through a wall of the vessel to transmit movements of said meansto the indicator.

7. In a meter, "the combination of an agent for creatinga pressuredifference that bears a definite relation to the rate of flow of thefluid being, metered, a vessel having chambers of dissimilar size bothcontaining a body oi heavy fluid that is deflected by changes in thesaid ressure dillerence from one chamber to another, conduit meansconnecting the agent with the chambered vessel, a means in one of thechambers WllOSi-It position changes with deflections of said heavytluid,a counterbalance therefor, and indicating mechanism thatmovesresponsive to changes in position ct said means.

8. in a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a ressureditlerence that bears a definite relation to the rate of tlovv oi thefluid being metered, a vessel provided with a reservoir of relativelylarge area and having a restricted chamber leading therefrom,

both containing a body of fluid that is deflected by the said pressuredifference, conduit means connecting the agent with the reservoir andchamber ot the vessel, a tloat riding on the fluid and located in thechainbcr, a magnetic means, a flexible connector connecting the floatand the magnetic means, an indicator located. outside of the vessel andmoved by means, and a cover for the vessel which supports a part of themagnetic means and is removable With it,

9, In. a metenthe combination of an agent for creating a pressurediilerence' that bears a definite relation. to the rate of llow oi thefluid being metered, a sealed vessel having communicatin chambers whichcontain a fluid, a conduit transmitting high pressure from one ot theagent to one chamber, a conduit transmitting lovv pressure from anotherpart of t agent to the other chamber, a tloat. located wholly in one ofthe chambers and riding on the body of tluid therein, a motiontransmitting device moved by the float, indicating mechanism movedmagnetically by the said device, an angul'arly adjustable dial, andmeansl'or holding the dial in its adyusted nosition.

' it). in a meter, the combination ct an :agent for creating a pressuredifference that net, a shaft conveying motion from thevvheel t0 themagnet, a needle, a dial, and a mass of magnetic material secured to theneedle and cooperating with the magnet to move the needle with respectto the dial.

11. In a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressuredifference that bears a definite relation to the rate of iiow of thefluid being metered, a sealed vessel containing a column or" fluid thatis deflected by changes inthe pressure ditl'erence due to the agent,conduit means between the agent and the interior of said vessel, a floatthat rides on the fluid column, a winding drum, a flexible connectorbetween the float and drum, a counterbalance moving with the drawn andacting to keep the connector taut, indicating mechanism located outsideoi the casing comprising a needle and a dial, a means for transmittingmovements of the drum to the indicating mechanism, and a pointerthatcooperates with the needle and dial to indicate the rate of flow ofthe fluid being metered.

12. In a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressuredifference that bears a definite relation to the rate of flow of thefluid being metered, a vessel having Walls that form. an enlargedchamber in its base and a chamber of relatively restricted sizeextending upward from the base, the Walls of the second chamberprojecting into the enlarged chamber, and both chambers containingfluid, conduit means connecting the agent and said chambers, a meanslocated in the said restricted chamber and movable in response todeflections of the fluid therein, a magnetically actuated needle, adevice that transmits motion from the means to the needle, and a dialover which the needle moves that suitably .librated.

13, In a meter, the combinatbh of an agent for creating a pressuredifference that bears a definite relation to the rate of tlow of thefluid to be metered, a chambered vessel containing; fluid that isdeflected by the pressure ditl'erencs caused by the agent,

conduit means connecting the agent and.

chambered vessel, a cover for sealing; the chamber in the vessel, ameans movable in response to defiections oithe tluid in the vessel, adrum, a spindle therefor, a means tlti ltl b llld lib

'named .means and the drum, a magn sel containing fluid that isdeflected by the pressure diflerence caused by-the agent, conduit meansconnecting the agent and the chambered vessel, a cover for closingthechambenin'the' vessel, a needle, a means movable in response todeflections of the fluid in the chamber, and mechanism connected to themeans and located wholly within the vessel for, supplying the forcenecessary to move the needle, the said means and" mechanism beingentirely carried by and removable with the cover. a

15. In a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressuredifi'erence that varies with and bears a definite relation to the rateof'flow of the fluid to be metered, a vessel containing a body of fluidthat is deflected by'the pressure diflerence due to the agent, conduitmeans connecting the agent and the vessel, an indicating meansthatincludes aneedle for indicatin the deflections, a means fortransmitting t 1e movements of the fluid body to the indicating means, adial, and a pointer, the needle andpointer coiiperating with the dial togive the indications on the meter,

16 In a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressuredifference that varies with and bears a definite relation to the rate offlow of the fluid to be metered,

a vessel containing a body of fluid that is deflected by the pressuredifference due to the agent, conduit means connecting the agent with thevessel, an indicating means that includesa needle forv indicatinthegdeflections, a means for transmitting t e movements of the fluidbody to the indicating means, a graduated dial, a pointer, theintersection of the needle and pointer with respect to the graduationson the dial giving the indications of the meter, and a means for moving:the pointer.

' 179111 a meter, the combination 'of an agent for creating a pressurediflerence that varies with andbears a definite reiation to the rate offlow of the fluid to be metered, a fluid containing vessel, conduit coirnecting the agent and the vessel, means Whose position changes as the.fluid in the I vessel moves under the influence of var1ations in thepressure difl'erence created by the, agent, a needle moved by the means,and

tosses:

an adjustable pointer which coiiperates with the needle to indicate therate of flow of the fluid being metered.

18. In a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressurediflerence that varies with and bears a definite relation to the rate offlow of the fluid to be, metered, a fluid. containing vessel, conduitmeans connecting the agent and the vessel, means whose position changesas the fluid in'the vessel moves under the influence of variations inthe pressure difl'erence created by the agent, a needle moved by themeans, a

dial, a pointer that coiiperates with the needle to indicate the rate offlow of the fluid being metered, and manually actuated means for movingthe pointer,

19. In a nietenthe combination of an agent for creating a pressuredifference that varies with and bears a definite relation to the rate offlow of the fluid to be metered,- a flu d containing vessel, conduitmeans con nectlng the agent and the vessel, means whose position changesas the fluid in the vessel moves under the influence of varia v tlons inpressure created by the agent, a needle moved by the means, a dial, apivotally supported pointer that coiiperates with the needle to indicatethe rate of flow of'the fluid being metered, and means for moving thepointer angularly with respect to the dial.

20. In a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressuredifference that varies with and bears a definite relation to the rate offlow of the fluid to be metered, a fluid containing vessel, conduitmeans connecting the agent and the vessel, means whose position changesas the fluid in the vessel moves under the influenceofwariations in thepressure diflerence created by the agent, a needle moved by the means, agraduted dial, a pivotally supported pointer that cotiperates with theneedle to indicate the rate of flow of the fluid being metered,

and means for moving the pointer toward and away from the axis of itssupport.

21. In a meter, the combination of an agent for creatin a pressuredifference that varies with and ears a definite relation to the rate offlow of the fluid to be metered, a fluid containing vessel, conduitmeans connecting the agent and the vessel, means whose position changesas the fluid in the vessel moves under the influence of varia-. tions inthe pressure difference created by the agent, a needle moved by themeans, a graduated dial, a pivotaliy supported indicate the rate of flowof the fluid being metered, and means for moving the pointer angularlywith respect to the dial and toward and away from the axis, of itssupport,

In a meter, the,combination of an pointer that coiperates with theneedle to p manner agent for creating a pressure difference that varieswith and bears a definite relation to the rate of flow of the fluid tobe metered, a fluid containing vessel, conduit means-connecting theagent and the vessel, means whose position changes as the fluid in thevessel moves under the influence of variationsin the pressure differencecreated by the agent, a needle moved by the means, a graduated dial, apointer that cooperates with the needle to indicate the rate of flow ofthe fluid being metered, a means for movingthe pointer, and a scalecalibrated in terms, of pressure to determine the amount of movement tobe imparted to the pointer.

23. In a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressuredifference that varies with and bears a definite relation to the rate offlow of the fluid to be metered, a fluid containing vessel, conduitmeans connecting the agent end the vessel, means whose position changesas the fluid in the vessel moves under the influence of variations inthe pressure difl'erence created by the agent, a needle moved by themeans, a graduated dial, a pointer that cooperates with the needle toindicate the rate offlow of the fluid being metered, a means for movingthe pointer, and a scale calibrated in terms of temperature to determinethe amount of movement to be imparted to the pointer.

24; In a meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressurediflerence that varies with and bears a definite relation to the rate offlow of the fluid to be metered,

a fluid containing vessel, conduit means connecting the agent and thevessel, means whose position changes as the fluid in the vessel movesunder the influenceof variations'in the pressure difl'erence created bythe agent,a needle moved by the'means, a graduated dial, a pointer thatcooperates with the needle to indicate the rate of flow of the fluidbeing metered, means for moving the pointer, and a scale calibrated interms of pipe diameter to determine the amount of movement to beimparted to the pointer.

25. In a\ meter, the combination of an agent for creating a pressuredifference that varies with and bears a definite relation to the rate offlow of the fluid to be metered, a vessel, conduit means connecting theagent and the vessel, means associated with the vessel whose positionchanges with. variations in the pressure difl'erence created by theagent, a needle moved by the means, a

aduated dial, a pointer that cooperates with the needle'to indicate therate of flow of the fluid being metered, means for moving the pointer,concentric and angularly movable scales, means connecting one of thescales to the pointer for adjusting its end longitudinally toward andaway from its axis of motion, and means for clamping the scales andpointer and moving them angularly about the axis of the needle.

26. In a meter, the combination of a chambered vessel having a base andan upright portion carried by the base, a magnet within said portion ofthe vessel, a spindle, therefor, a means for oscillating the spindle, amagnet located outside of the vessel and movedby, the first magnet, apivot therefor whose .axis is in alinementwith that of the spindle,

a nonmagnetic plug in the wall of the vessel that is arranged betweenthe two magnets and supports the pivot, a needle moved by the secondmagnet, a suitably calibrated dial, and means for mounting the dial onthe plug in such a manner that it can be moved angularly.

27. In a meter, the combination of a pointer, a rack and gear for movingthe pointer longitudinally, a tubular member, a support having a bearingin which the member is rotatably mounted, a spindle that extends throughthe member and is connected to the gear for moving it and the pointer, acollar mounted on the member, a ring also mounted thereon, a disksplined on the spindle, and means for clamping the parts together topermit of angular movement about the axis of said bearing.

28. lln a meter, the combination of a chambered vessel containing a bodyof heavy fluid, a float which rides thereon, a drum, a flexibleconnector that is secured to the float and passes over the drum, aweight on the connector between the float and the drum to keep it taut aneedle, a means actuated by the drum for moving the needle, and a guidefor keeping the connector on the drum.-

of heavy fluid, conduit means connecting the agentand the vessel, afloat which rides on said body of fluid, a drum, a flexible connectorthat is secured to the float and passes over the drum, a needle, a meansactuated.

by the drum for moving the needle, and a weight suspended by theconnector between the float and the drum for holding it taut.

30. In a fluid meter, the combination of an agent a hermetically sealedvessel, conduit means establishing communication be-m tween the agentand the interior of the ves sel, a means located wholly within thevessel that is movable in response to changes in the rate of flow of thefluid being metered, a needle and its pivot located wholly outside ofthe vessel, a dial, a magnetic device acting through a wall of thevessel for trans- 'mitting the movements of said means to the needle,and a movable element also outside of the vessel which coiiperates withthe needle to give the indications of the meter.

31. In a fluid meter, the combination of an agent a hermetically sealedvessel, conduit means establishing communication be- I and a casing forthe devices that carries the tween the agent and the interior of thevessel, a means located wholly within the vessel that is movable inresponse to changes in the rate of flow of the fluid being metered, aneedle and its pivot located wholly outside of the vessel, a dial, amagnetic device acting through a wall of the vessel for transmitting themovements of said means to the needle, and a pointer which is movabletoward and away from the axis of the needle and cooperates with thelatter to give the indications of the meter. I

32. In a fluid meter, the combination of an agent a hermetically sealedvessel, conduit means establishing communication between the agent andthe interior of the vessel, a means located wholly within the vesselthat is movable in res )onse to changes in the rate of flow of the uidbeing metered, a needle and its pivot located wholly outside of thevessel, a dial, a magnetic device acting through a wall of the vesselfor transmitting the movements of said means to the needle, a pointerthat cooperates with the needle to give the indications of the meter,and means for moving the pointer both angularly and radially.

33. In a fluid meter, the combination of an agent an actuatingmechanism, means whereby the actuating mechanism moves in response tochanges in the amount of fluid being metered as determined by the agent,an indicating needle moved thereby, a suitably graduated dial, and apointer that is movable independently of the needle and which cooperatestherewith to give the indications of the meter.

34. In a fluid meter, the combination of an agent an actuatingmechanism, means whereby the actuating mechanism moves in response tochanges in the amount of fluid being metered as determined by the agent,a pivoted needle moved thereby, a suitably graduated dial over whichtheneedle moves, a pivoted pointer whose axis coincides with that of theneedle, a means for moving the pointer angularly to cause it to registerwith the needle, and a means for moving. the pointer radially along theplane of the needle.

In a fluid meter, the combination of a graduated dial, a needle movablewith respect to the dial, and a movable pointer comprising two parts,one of which lies in a plane parallel to that of the needle and is inclose proximity thereto while the other is spaced apart from the firstand occupies the same relative angular position.

36. In a fluid meter, the combination of an actuating mechanism, avessel containing said mechanism, an indicating device moved thereby, agraduated dial, a second indicating device, the two devices cooperatingwith the dial to give the indications of the meter,

dial and which is angularly adjustable on the vessel.

37. In a fluid meter, the combination of a vessel, an actuatingmechanism located wholly within the vessel, a dial, two indicatingdevices that cooperate with the dial to give the meter indications, acasing containing the dial and said devices which is independent of thevessel, and a magnetic means for transmitting movements of the actuatingmechanism to one of said indicating devices.

38. In a fluid meter, the combination of a vessel, an actuatingmechanism located wholly within the vessel, a dial, two indicatingdevices that cooperate with the dial to give the meter indications, anangularly adjustable casing which is independent of the vesseland'contains the dial and indicating devices, a clamp for securing thecasing in position, a magnetic means for transmitting movements of theactuating mechanism to one of said devices, and a means accessible fromthe outside of the casing and extending through a wall thereof to movethe other indicating device.

39. In a fluid meter, the combination of a vessel, an actuatingmechanism located wholly within the vessel, a dial, two indicatingdevices that cooperate with the dial to give the meter indications, acasing containing the dial and said devices which is independent of thevessel, a magnetic means "for transmitting movements of the actuatingmechanism to one of said indicating devices, a means located external tothe'front wall of the casing and extending therethrough for actuatingthe other device, and a support for said means.

40. In a meter for measuring the flow of fluids, the combination ofmeans for creating a pressure difference that bears'a definite relationto the rate of flow, a closed vessel having chambers of unequal sizethat contain a body of liquid that is acted upon by the pressuredifference, conduits connecting the chambers with said means, a float inthe smaller chamber whose position is determined by the movement of theliquid, a pivotally mounted member arranged outside of the vessel, apivotally mounted member arranged in the upper part of the smallerchamber and adjacent to the first member, magnetic means fortransmitting motion from one member to the other, and a connectionbetween the float and the member in its chamber.

41. In a meter for measuring the flow of fluids, the combination ofmeans for creating a pressure difference that bears a definite relationto the rate of flow, a closed vessel having communicating chamberstherein that contain a substantially U-shaped body of liquid that isacted upon by the ressure difference, conduits connecting the c amberswith said means, a float that rides on the liquid in one chamber, ahorizontal spindle mounted in the upper part of said chamber, a magnetcarried by the spindle and arranged within said chamber adjacent to theouter wall of the vessel, a pivotally mounted magnetic member arrangedat the opposite side of said wall, the member being moved by the magnet,a device that is controlled by said member, and means for transmittingthe movement of the float to the spindle.

42. In a meter for measuring the flow of fluids, the combination ofmeans for creating a pressure difference that bears a definite relationto the rate of flow, a closed vessel having walls that form a relativelylarge chamber in its base and a smaller chamber extending upwardly fromthe base, the

lower end of the wall of the smaller chamber [SEAL] Signed andsealedthis24th day of March, A. l)., 19let.-

projectingdownward into the larger chamber and both chambers containinga body of liquid, conduits connecting the chambers with said means, afloat that rides on the liquid in the smaller chamber, a magnetrotatably mounted in the upper part of the smaller chamber and arrangedadjacent to the Wall of said chamber, a rotatably mounted magneticmember arranged outside of the wall and adjacent to the magnet, a devicethat is moved by the member, and means for transmitting motion from thefloat to the magnet.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 9th day of March,1909.

' AUSTIN R. DODGE.

Witnesses:

HELEN Onrom),

F. A. Hum).

1 It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent llo. 1,087,931, grantedFebruary 24, 1914, upon the application of Austin R. Dodge, ofSchenectady, New York, for an improvement in Meters for Measuring theFlow of Liquids," errors appear in the printed specification requiringcorrection as follows: Page 2, line 3, first occurrence, for the word ofread page 6, line 21, for the word to read and; page 9,

line-11 t, before the word drum strike out the article the"; page 9,lines 106,

comma; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with thesecorrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the casein the Patent Otlice.

, J. a. NEWTON,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.'

116, and 130, and page 10, lines 15,- 30, and it), after the word.iagent insert a-

